In this article I will comprehensively explain everything regarding how to read and understand capacitor codes and markings through various diagrams and charts. The information can be used for identifying and selecting capacitors correctly for a given circuit application. By Surbhi Prakash Capacitor Codes and associated Markings The various parameters of the capacitors such as […]
Electronics Theory
How PNP Transistors Work
In this post I have explained regarding how a PNP transistor works or conducts in response to a fixed biasing voltage and a varying supply voltage, across its base and emitter. The question was put forth by Mr. Aaron Keenan. Question Regarding PNP BJT Working Great information and lots of interesting circuits!I have a question […]
Notch Filter Circuits with Design Details
In this article I will provide a detailed explanation regarding how to design notch filters with precise center frequency and for maximum impact. Where Notch Filter are Used Notch filter circuits are normally used for suppressing, nullifying, or cancelling a particular range of frequencies in order to avoid an annoying or unwanted interference within a […]
What’s Internal Resistance of Battery
In this post we try to investigate internal resistance of battery and try to learn the critical characteristics involved with this battery parameter. What’s Internal Resistance of Battery The internal resistance (IR) of a battery is basically the level of opposition to the passage of electrons or current through the battery in a closed loop. […]
Calculating Filter Capacitor for Smoothing Ripple
In the previous article I explained about ripple factor in power supply circuits, here we continue and evaluate the formula for calculating ripple current, and consequently the filter capacitor value for eliminating the ripple content in the DC output. The previous post explained how a DC content after rectification may carry the maximum possible amount […]
How to Design a Buck Converter Circuit: Formulas and Calculations
In this post I have explained the method of designing buck converter circuits by calculating all the required parameters, in order to ensure an optimal performance from these devices. We take the example of IC 555 buck converter typologies, and try to understand the optimizing techniques through equations and manual adjustments, for achieving the most […]
